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Epilepsy and paroxysmal conditions

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"Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions" is a scientific and practical peer-reviewed journal for medical professionals. Our aims and priorities include scientific and information support to the members of the "professional community" in their pursuit of new ideas in clinical research. The "Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions" journal is proud to contribute to the continuing medical education (CME) of recent medical graduates and other experts in neurology, instrumental examination, therapy, pediatric, neonatology, rehabilitation and related fields.

"Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions" was founded in 2008

The impact factor of this journal, as shown in the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) is among the highest for the periodicals on neurology. According to RSCI, the impact factor was 1,333 in 2022.

The journal publishes scientific papers on clinical studies, as well as reviews and case reports.

Languages: Russian, English 

Periodicity: 4 issues per year (quarterly). 

The printed versions are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License: full-text materials are freely available to the public in an open access repository.

Distribution of the printed version: Russia, the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU - Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Moldova), Georgia.

The editorial board of "Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions" includes distinguished experts and opinion leaders from Russia, Switzerland, Denmark, Lithuania, Belarus, Moldova, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. 

The editorial team of this journal maintains the policy of full compliance with all principles of publishing ethics. Our ethical standards and codes conform to those of top international science publishers.

All submitted materials undergo a mandatory double-blind peer review.

Media Certificate of Registration: ПИ №FS77-34885
ISSN 2077-8333 (Print)
ISSN 2311-4088 (Online) 

The "Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions" journal appears in the Scopus (since 2019); CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) Scholar (since 2022); Russian Universal Scientific Electronic Library (RUNEB) elibrary.ru and is also present in the database of the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI).

By the decision of the Higher Attestation Commission (HAC), "Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions" is included in the "List of top peer-reviewed scientific journals and publications" where scientists seeking academic degrees are required to publish their results – equivalent 1st  (highest) category.

The journal is included on the RCSI's White List - a list of academic journals to be used for performance assessment scientific institutions (since 2022).

Current issue

Vol 15, No 4 (2023)

OUR CONGRATULATIONS 

ORIGINAL ARTICLES 

318-325 350
Abstract

Objective: to evaluate an effectiveness of new nitrogen-containing compounds for alleviating epileptiform conditions in animal experimental study, and conduct molecular modeling of a new neurotropic drug.

Material and methods. The anticonvulsant and psychotropic effects of six new heterocyclic compounds synthesized at the Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry were analyzed: № 1 (tetrahydrobenzothienopyrimidine), № 2 (pyridopyrimidine), № 3 (pyranotriazolopyridine), № 4 (thioalkylpyranotriazolopyridine), № 5 (pyrazolyltetrahydrothienoisoquinoline), and № 6 (thioxopyranopyridine). Experiments were carried out with 300 white outbred male mice weighing 18–24 g and 48 male rats weighing 120–150 g. The anticonvulsant spectrum of action was assessed in mice using the following tests: maximum electric shock, corazole-induced seizure. The psychotropic compound-related properties were analyzed using the following tests: elevated plus maze, open field, conflict situation. The neurotoxic compound-related effects were evaluated by incoordination of movements in rotating rod test. Comparison was performed with pufemide (3-(p-isopropoxyphenyl)succinimide), ethosuximide and diazepam.

Results. The new nitrogen-containing drugs were revealed to exhibit high anticonvulsant activity, especially observed in corazoleinduced seizure test. All select compounds have anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, psychosedative or behavior-activating effects. Compound № 1 (N3212) is the most effective (median effective dose is 16 mg/kg) in antagonism to corazole action and is significantly superior to ethosuximide and pufemide exceeding by 10- and 5-fold, respectively. The compound shows least toxic (median lethal dose is 2300 mg/kg) and low neurotoxic (median toxic dose is 660 mg/kg) effects. Therapeutic and protective indices for Compound No. 1 exceeds that of ethosuximide by 17- and 13-fold, and of pufemide by 6- and 8-fold, respectively.

Conclusion. The select compounds are superior to the approved drugs used in medical practice, pufemide and ethosuximide. A Compound N3212 selected among them may find application as an anticonvulsant drug with psychotropic effects.

326-338 353
Abstract

Background. Accuracy and reliability of methods for spatial localization of brain activity based on electroencephalography (EEG) data do not lose relevance. Existing localization methods are coupled to specific difficulties due to ambiguity of the resulting solution.

Ojective: verification of a new method for localizing brain activity using EEG data «Virtually Implanted Electrode» and demonstratoin of its capabilities.

Material and methods. The new method was verified using deep brain stimulation (DBS) data. There were used the data from scalp electrical activity induced solely by potentials from two electrodes implanted into deep areas of human brain. It was achieved by filtering EEG signals at the stimulation frequency and excluding signals from other brain areas. A clinical case of applying the new method for EEG analysis of patient paroxysmal activity is presented as well.

Results. «Virtually Implanted Electrode» method allowed to quite accurately determine the localization of DBS current sources. The effectiveness of using the method for analyzing the mechanisms of paroxysmal activity was demonstrated: based on change in potentials calculated in 33 sites of the brain (brain areas), three groups of areas were identified specifically contributing to development of paroxysmal activity. For comparison, the same artificial DBS sources were localized using other verified methods: the BrainLoc (Russia) and sLORETA (Switzerland) software providing substantially worse data.

Conclusion. Identifying spatial localization of electrical potentials recorded on the scalp surface by using the new approach with the «Virtually Implanted Electrode» method shows high efficiency and reliability, demonstrating a clear advantage over other known localization methods.

339-347 470
Abstract

Focal epilepsy is the most common type of epilepsy accounting for 60–70% of all cases of this pathology. We present two familial cases of focal epilepsy associated with a nucleotide sequence variant in DEPDC5 gene. Clinical and ancestry examination was performed by using instrumental (magnetic resonance imaging, video-electroencephalography) and genetic testing methods. The nucleotide sequence variants in DEPDC5 gene were found in two probands and paired fathers with epilepsy. Focal cortical dysplasia was detected only in the father of Proband 1 as well as Proband 2 with resistant epilepsy and severe cognitive deficit. Hence, such clinical cases confirm that pathogenic variants in DEPDC5 gene are related with familial focal epilepsy, which clinical manifestation may depend on the type of identified mutation. The study of genotype-phenotype correlations is necessary to apply proper therapy. Before surgical treatment of epilepsy, the genetic testing by whole exome or whole genome sequencing should be performed.

CLINICAL CASES 

348-353 309
Abstract

The article presents a clinical case of adult patient with pharmacoresistant epilepsy lacking focal cerebral morphological changes, who was surgically implanted with a vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) system. The results of 6 months-long treatment were analyzed. In addition, available publications were reviewed to evaluate effectiveness of the VNS system in different patient groups. Current clinical case was featured with significant positive dynamics revealed by regression of epileptic seizures and no recorded epileptiform activity based on electroencephalography during VNS stimulation. In the absence of morphological cerebral focal changes in adult patients, installation of the VNS system is an effective and safe method to control pharmacoresistant epilepsy.

354-360 471
Abstract

Current classification of epileptic syndromes proposed in 2022 by the International League Against Epilepsy, developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) caused by mutation in the KCNQ2 gene is identified as an independent nosological form. Alternative names for this disease are DEE type 7 or early infantile epileptic encephalopathy type 7 (OMIM: 613720). The article presents a brief literature review on the topic as well as our personal clinical observation of this rare pathology.

361-371 727
Abstract

MELAS syndrome (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes) belongs to the group of mitochondrial diseases. Most MELAS syndrome cases are associated with the A3243G mutation in the MTTL1 gene. A common clinical manifestation of the syndrome is presented by epileptic seizures (ES) characterized by phenotypic polymorphism and resistance to antiepileptic therapy. Diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy in patients with MELAS syndrome often poses difficulties. We present a clinical case of adult patient with MELAS syndrome with identified A3243G mutation and epilepsy. The disease course developed to severe cognitive impairment. The first focal ES occurred during stroke-like episode. Further seizures were observed spontaneously, with high frequency, often manifested as a series. Focal ES often had blurred polymorphic manifestations. The choice of drug therapy took into account the side effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) including potentially mitochondria-related negative effects. While diagnosing EP in MELAS syndrome, it should be considered that seizures often occur during stroke-like episodes and may have blurred polymorphic clinical manifestations. Cognitive impairment in patients complicates ES detection. First-line drugs should be presented by AEDs with low mitochondrial toxicity.

SCIENTIFIC SURVEYS 

372-383 375
Abstract

Epilepsy is a widespread neurological chronic disease characterized by recurrent seizures, manifested as short-term partial or generalized convulsions and accompanied by loss of consciousness. To correctly select a treatment method for epilepsy, it is necessary to investigate the cues resulting in its development, but it is not always possible to identify a cause of the disease and chose proper treatment. Drug resistance remains one of the major issues in treatment of epilepsy, despite a great body of studies describing its nature. In this regard, it is necessary to select a model for examining epileptic seizures and underlying mechanisms, searching for genes involved in regulation of epilepsy as well as assessing effectiveness and safety of new antiepileptic drugs. It was noted that rodents, especially Krushinsky–Molodkina rat strain represent a suitable genetic model for audiogenic epilepsy to dissect the mechanisms of epileptogenesis, genetic basis of seizure susceptibility, development of drug resistance, and testing new antiepileptic drugs. Despite that the audiogenic form of reflex epilepsy is quite rare in humans, it was revealed that the same underlying genes, molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways are responsible for enabling audiogenic seizures in rodents and human epilepsy, additionally coupled to developing similar neuroanatomical anomalies.

EEG РRACTICAL AND TECHNICAL ASPECTS 

384-392 427
Abstract

The current study was aimed at providing a detailed description of the major technical characteristics for electroencephalographic (EEG) equipment and their impact on quality of the recorded signal. Understanding the importance of the recording equipmenttechnical parameters will help medical professionals make the right choice while purchasing new equipment as well as correctly set the necessary recording parameters to ensure the maximum possible quality of EEG signal. In addition, the technical characteristics for EEG equipment available in Russia were compared. Such a comparison became possible after the full package of documents for registered medical equipment including data on relevant technical parameters began to be published at the Roszdravnadzor website since 2023.

Events

2022-07-29

XXI РОССИЙСКИЙ КОНГРЕСС «Инновационные технологии в педиатрии и детской хирургии» с международным участием

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21–23 сентября 2022 года в Гостиничном комплексе «Космос»
(129366, г. Москва, проспект Мира, д. 150)
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XXI РОССИЙСКИЙ КОНГРЕСС
«Инновационные технологии в педиатрии и детской хирургии»
с международным участием

XXI МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ВЫСТАВКА
«Современные диагностические, лекарственные и нутрициологические технологии в педиатрии и детской хирургии»

ОРГАНИЗАТОРЫ КОНГРЕССА:

  • МИНИСТЕРСТВО ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
  • РОССИЙСКИЙ НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЙ МЕДИЦИНСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ им. Н. И. ПИРОГОВА
  • НАУЧНО-ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ ИНСТИТУТ ПЕДИАТРИИ И ДЕТСКОЙ ХИРУРГИИ им. академика Ю.Е. ВЕЛЬТИЩЕВА
  • РОССИЙСКАЯ АССОЦИАЦИЯ ПЕДИАТРИЧЕСКИХ ЦЕНТРОВ
  • АССОЦИАЦИЯ ДЕТСКИХ КАРДИОЛОГОВ РОССИИ
  • ТВОРЧЕСКОЕ ОБЪЕДИНЕНИЕ ДЕТСКИХ НЕФРОЛОГОВ
  • РОССИЙСКАЯ АССОЦИАЦИЯ ДЕТСКИХ ХИРУРГОВ
  • НАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ПЕДИАТРИЧЕСКАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ НАУКИ И ИННОВАЦИЙ
  • НАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ АССОЦИАЦИЯ ДИЕТОЛОГОВ И НУТРИЦИОЛОГОВ
  • ОБЩЕСТВО ДЕТСКИХ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГОВ
  • РОССИЙСКАЯ АССОЦИАЦИЯ ЛОР-ПЕДИАТРОВ
  • ПЕРВЫЙ МОСКОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ МЕДИЦИНСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ им. И.М. СЕЧЕНОВА (СЕЧЕНОВСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ)
  • РОССИЙСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ НЕПРЕРЫВНОГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
  • МОСКОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ МЕДИКО-СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ им. А.И. ЕВДОКИМОВА
  • ФЕДЕРАЛЬНЫЙ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЙ ЦЕНТР ПИТАНИЯ, БИОТЕХНОЛОГИИ И БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ПИЩИ
  • ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ ЛАБОРАТОРНОЙ МЕДИЦИНЫ

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